Definition:T3 Space
Definition
Let $T = \left({S, \tau}\right)$ be a topological space.
Definition 1
$T = \struct {S, \tau}$ is a $T_3$ space if and only if:
- $\forall F \subseteq S: \relcomp S F \in \tau, y \in \relcomp S F: \exists U, V \in \tau: F \subseteq U, y \in V: U \cap V = \O$
That is, for any closed set $F \subseteq S$ and any point $y \in S$ such that $y \notin F$ there exist disjoint open sets $U, V \in \tau$ such that $F \subseteq U$, $y \in V$.
Definition 2
$T = \struct {S, \tau}$ is $T_3$ if and only if each open set contains a closed neighborhood around each of its points:
- $\forall U \in \tau: \forall x \in U: \exists N_x: \relcomp S {N_x} \in \tau: \exists V \in \tau: x \in V \subseteq N_x \subseteq U$
where $N_x$ denotes a neighborhood of $x$.
Definition 3
$T = \struct {S, \tau}$ is $T_3$ if and only if each of its closed sets is the intersection of its closed neighborhoods:
- $\forall H \subseteq S: \relcomp S H \in \tau: H = \bigcap \set {N_H: \relcomp S H \in \tau, \exists V \in \tau: H \subseteq V \subseteq N_H}$
Variants of Name
From about 1970, treatments of this subject started to refer to this as a regular space, and what is defined on $\mathsf{Pr} \infty \mathsf{fWiki}$ as a regular space as a $T_3$ space.
However, the names are to a fair extent arbitrary and a matter of taste, as there appears to be no completely satisfactory system for naming all these various Tychonoff separation axioms.
The system as used here broadly follows 1978: Lynn Arthur Steen and J. Arthur Seebach, Jr.: Counterexamples in Topology (2nd ed.).
The system used on the Separation axiom page at Wikipedia differs from this.
Also see
- Results about $T_3$ spaces can be found here.