Subsets of Equidecomposable Subsets are Equidecomposable

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Theorem

Let $A, B \subseteq \R^n$ be equidecomposable.

Let $S \subseteq A$.


Then there exists $T \subseteq B$ such that $S$ and $T$ are equidecomposable.


Proof

Let $X_1, \dots, X_m$ be a decomposition of $A, B$ together with isometries $\mu_1, \ldots, \mu_m, \nu_1, \ldots, \nu_m: \R^n \to \R^n$ such that:

$\ds A = \bigcup_{i \mathop = 1}^m \map {\mu_i} {X_i}$

and

$\ds B = \bigcup_{i \mathop = 1}^m \map {\nu_i} {X_i}$


Define:

$Y_i = \mu_i^{-1} \paren {S \cap \map {\mu_i} {X_i} }$

Then:

\(\ds \bigcup_{i \mathop = 1}^m \map {\mu_i} {Y_i}\) \(=\) \(\ds \bigcup_{i \mathop = 1}^m \map {\mu_i} { \mu_i^{-1} \paren {S \cap \map {\mu_i} {X_i} } }\) by hypothesis
\(\ds \) \(=\) \(\ds \bigcup_{i \mathop = 1}^m \paren {S \cap \map {\mu_i} {X_i} }\) Image of Preimage under Mapping: Corollary
\(\ds \) \(=\) \(\ds S \cap \bigcup_{i \mathop = 1}^m \map {\mu_i} {X_i}\) Intersection Distributes over Union of Family
\(\ds \) \(=\) \(\ds S \cap A\) by hypothesis
\(\ds \) \(=\) \(\ds S\) Intersection with Subset is Subset


and so $\sequence {Y_i}_{i \mathop = 1}^m$ forms a decomposition of $S$.


But for each $i$:

$\paren {S \cap \map {\mu_i} {X_i} } \subseteq \map {\mu_i} {X_i}$

and so:

\(\ds Y_i\) \(=\) \(\ds \map {\mu_i^{-1} } {S \cap \map {\mu_i} {X_i} }\) by hypothesis
\(\ds \) \(\subseteq\) \(\ds \map {\mu_i^{-1} } {\map {\mu_i} {X_i} }\) Preimage of Subset is Subset of Preimage
\(\ds \) \(=\) \(\ds X_i\) Definition of Isometry (Metric Spaces) and Definition of Bijection

Hence:

$\map {\nu_i} {Y_i} \subseteq \map {\nu_i} {X_i}$

and so:

\(\ds \bigcup_{i \mathop = 1}^m \map {\nu_i} {Y_i}\) \(\subseteq\) \(\ds \bigcup_{i \mathop = 1}^m \map {\nu_i} {X_i}\) Set Union Preserves Subsets
\(\ds \) \(=\) \(\ds B\) by hypothesis

Define:

$\ds \bigcup_{i \mathop = 1}^m \map {\nu_i} {Y_i} = T$

Hence the result.

$\blacksquare$