Odd Power Function is Surjective

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Theorem

Let $n \in \Z_{\ge 0}$ be an odd positive integer.

Let $f_n: \R \to \R$ be the real function defined as:

$\map {f_n} x = x^n$


Then $f_n$ is a surjection.


Proof

From Existence of Positive Root of Positive Real Number we have that:

$\forall x \in \R_{\ge 0}: \exists y \in \R: y^n = x$

From Power of Ring Negative:

$\paren {-x}^n = -\paren {x^n}$

and so:

$\forall x \in \R_{\le 0}: \exists y \in \R: y^n = x$

Thus:

$\forall x \in \R: \exists y \in \R: y^n = x$

and so $f_n$ is a surjection.


Hence the result.

$\blacksquare$