Product of Ring Negatives

Theorem

Let $\struct {R, +, \circ}$ be a ring.

Then:

$\forall x, y \in \struct {R, +, \circ}: \paren {-x} \circ \paren {-y} = x \circ y$

where $\paren {-x}$ denotes the negative of $x$.

Proof

We have:

\(\ds \paren {-x} \circ \paren {-y}\)

\(=\)

\(\ds -\paren {x \circ \paren {-y} }\)

Product with Ring Negative

\(\ds \)

\(=\)

\(\ds -\paren {-\paren {x \circ y} }\)

Product with Ring Negative

\(\ds \)

\(=\)

\(\ds x \circ y\)

Negative of Ring Negative

$\blacksquare$

Also see

• Product with Ring Negative

Sources

• 1964: Iain T. Adamson: Introduction to Field Theory ... (previous) ... (next): Chapter $\text {I}$: Elementary Definitions: $\S 2$. Elementary Properties
• 1965: Seth Warner: Modern Algebra ... (previous) ... (next): Chapter $\text {IV}$: Rings and Fields: $20$. The Integers: Theorem $20.9$
• 1969: C.R.J. Clapham: Introduction to Abstract Algebra ... (previous) ... (next): Chapter $1$: Integral Domains: $\S 4$. Elementary Properties: Theorem $2 \ \text{(v)}$
• 1970: B. Hartley and T.O. Hawkes: Rings, Modules and Linear Algebra ... (previous) ... (next): Chapter $1$: Rings - Definitions and Examples: $3$: Some special classes of rings: Lemma $1.2 \ \text{(iii)}$
• 1978: Thomas A. Whitelaw: An Introduction to Abstract Algebra ... (previous) ... (next): $\S 54.2$ The definition of a ring and its elementary consequences: $\text{(ii)}$
• 1982: P.M. Cohn: Algebra Volume 1 (2nd ed.) ... (previous) ... (next): Chapter $2$: Integers and natural numbers: $\S 2.1$: The integers: Exercise $4$