Martingale Composed with Convex Function is Submartingale
Theorem
Let $\struct {\Omega, \Sigma, \sequence {\FF_t}_{t \ge 0}, \Pr}$ be a continuous-time filtered probability space.
Let $\sequence {X_t}_{t \ge 0}$ be a $\sequence {\FF_t}_{t \ge 0}$-martingale.
Let $f : \R \to \R$ be a convex function such that $\map f {X_t}$ is integrable for each $t \in \hointr 0 \infty$.
Then $\sequence {\map f {X_t} }_{t \ge 0}$ is a $\sequence {\FF_t}_{t \ge 0}$-submartingale.
Proof
Since $\sequence {X_t}_{t \ge 0}$ is a martingale, we have:
- $X_t$ is $\FF_t$-measurable
for each $t \in \hointr 0 \infty$.
From Convex Real Function is Measurable and Composition of Measurable Mappings is Measurable:
- $\map f {X_t}$ is $\FF_t$-measurable
for each $t \in \hointr 0 \infty$.
So $\sequence {\map f {X_t} }_{t \ge 0}$ is $\sequence {\FF_t}_{t \ge 0}$-adapted.
Now let $s, t \in \hointr 0 \infty$ be such that $0 \le s < t$.
Let $\expect {\map f {X_t} \mid \FF_s}$ be a version of the conditional expectation of $\map f {X_t}$ given $\FF_s$.
We then have:
\(\ds \expect {\map f {X_t} \mid \FF_s}\) | \(\ge\) | \(\ds \map f {\expect {X_t \mid \FF_s} }\) | almost surely, by Conditional Jensen's Inequality | |||||||||||
\(\ds \) | \(=\) | \(\ds \map f {X_s}\) | almost surely, Definition of Martingale |
So $\sequence {\map f {X_t} }_{t \ge 0}$ is a $\sequence {\FF_t}_{t \ge 0}$-submartingale.
$\blacksquare$
Sources
- 2016: Jean-François Le Gall: Brownian Motion, Martingales, and Stochastic Calculus ... (previous) ... (next): Proposition $3.12$