General Rules of Integration
In the following, $u, v, w$ are functions of $x$; $a, b, p, q, n$ any constants, restricted if indicated; $e = 2.71828 \ldots$ is the natural base of logarithms; $\ln u$ denotes the natural logarithm of $u$ where it is assumed that $u > 0$ [in general, to extend formulas to cases where $u < 0$ as well, replace $\ln u$ with $\ln \size u$]; all angles are in radians; all constants of integration are omitted but implied.
- $14.1$: Primitive of $a$
- $14.2$: Primitive of $a \map f x$
- $14.3$: Linear Combination of Primitives: $\ds \int \paren {u \pm v \pm w \pm \cdots} \rd x$
- $14.4$: Integration by Parts: $\ds \int u \rd v$
- $14.5$: Primitive of $\map f {a x}$
- $14.6$: Primitive of $\map F { {\map f x} }$
- $14.7$: Primitive of $u^n$
- $14.8$: Primitive of $\dfrac {\rd u} u$
- $14.9$: Primitive of $e^u$
- $14.10$: Primitive of $a^u$
- $14.11$: Primitive of $\sin u$
- $14.12$: Primitive of $\cos u$
- $14.13$: Primitive of $\tan u$: Secant Form
- Primitive of $\tan u$: Cosine Form
- $14.14$: Primitive of $\cot u$
- $14.15$: Primitive of $\sec u$: Secant plus Tangent Form
- Primitive of $\sec u$: Tangent plus Angle Form
- $14.16$: Primitive of $\csc u$: Cosecant minus Cotangent Form
- Primitive of $\csc u$: Tangent Form
- $14.17$: Primitive of $\sec^2 u$
- $14.18$: Primitive of $\csc^2 u$
- $14.19$: Primitive of $\tan^2 u$
- $14.20$: Primitive of $\cot^2 u$
- $14.21$: Primitive of $\sin^2 u$
- $14.22$: Primitive of $\cos^2 u$
- $14.23$: Primitive of $\sec u \tan u$
- $14.24$: Primitive of $\csc u \cot u$
- $14.25$: Primitive of $\sinh u$
- $14.26$: Primitive of $\cosh u$
- $14.27$: Primitive of $\tanh u$
- $14.28$: Primitive of $\coth u$
- $14.29$: Primitive of $\sech u$
- $14.30$: Primitive of $\csch u$
- $14.31$: Primitive of $\sech^2 u$
- $14.32$: Primitive of $\csch^2 u$
- $14.33$: Primitive of $\tanh^2 u$
- $14.34$: Primitive of $\coth^2 u$
- $14.35$: Primitive of $\sinh^2 u$
- $14.36$: Primitive of $\cosh^2 u$
- $14.37$: Primitive of $\sech u \tanh u$
- $14.38$: Primitive of $\csch u \coth u$
- $14.39$: Primitive of $\dfrac 1 {u^2 + a^2}$
- $14.40$: $u^2 > a^2$:
- Primitive of $\dfrac 1 {u^2 - a^2}$: Logarithm Form
- Primitive of $\dfrac 1 {a^2 - u^2}$: $\coth^{-1}$ Form
- $14.41$: $u^2 < a^2$:
- Primitive of $\dfrac 1 {a^2 - u^2}$: Logarithm Form
- Primitive of $\dfrac 1 {a^2 - u^2}$: $\tanh^{-1}$ Form
- $14.42$: Primitive of $\dfrac 1 {\sqrt {a^2 - u^2} }$
- $14.43$: Primitive of $\dfrac 1 {\sqrt {u^2 + a^2} }$
- $14.44$: Primitive of $\dfrac 1 {\sqrt {u^2 - a^2} }$
- $14.45$: Primitive of $\dfrac 1 {u \sqrt {u^2 - a^2} }$
- $14.46$: Primitive of $\dfrac 1 {u \sqrt {u^2 + a^2} }$
- $14.47$: Primitive of $\dfrac 1 {u \sqrt {a^2 - u^2} }$
- $14.48$: Generalized Integration by Parts: $\ds \int f^{\paren n} g \rd x$