Definition:CGS/Energy
Definition
Various CGS units of energy which have specific names are as follows:
Erg
The erg is the CGS unit of energy:
It is defined as being:
- the energy transferred to (or work done on) a body when a force of $1$ dyne acts on that body in the direction of the force's motion through a distance of $1$ centimetre.
Thus:
- $1 \, \mathrm {erg} = 1 \, \mathrm {dyn} \, \mathrm {cm}$
\(\ds \) | \(\) | \(\ds 1\) | erg | |||||||||||
\(\ds \) | \(=\) | \(\ds 10^{-7}\) | joules |
Calorie (International)
The international calorie is a CGS unit of heat energy.
This unit is generally used in engineering.
It is defined as:
- $1 \cdotp 163$ milliwatt-hours, or $4 \cdotp 1868$ joules exactly.
\(\ds \) | \(\) | \(\ds 1\) | international calorie | |||||||||||
\(\ds \) | \(=\) | \(\ds 4 \cdotp 1868\) | joules | \(\quad\) (exact) | ||||||||||
\(\ds \) | \(=\) | \(\ds 1 \cdotp 163\) | milliwatt-hours | \(\quad\) (exact) | ||||||||||
\(\ds \) | \(\approx\) | \(\ds 0 \cdotp 00396 \, 83\) | British thermal units | |||||||||||
\(\ds \) | \(\approx\) | \(\ds 1 \cdotp 1630 \times 10^{-6}\) | kilowatt-hours | |||||||||||
\(\ds \) | \(\approx\) | \(\ds 2 \cdotp 6132 \times 10^{19}\) | electron volts |
Calorie (Thermodynamic)
The thermodynamic calorie is a CGS unit of heat energy.
This unit is generally used in chemistry.
It is defined as:
- $4 \cdotp 1840$ joules exactly.
\(\ds \) | \(\) | \(\ds 1\) | thermodynamic calorie | |||||||||||
\(\ds \) | \(=\) | \(\ds 4 \cdotp 1840\) | joules | \(\quad\) (exact) | ||||||||||
\(\ds \) | \(\approx\) | \(\ds 1 \cdotp 1622\) | milliwatt-hours | |||||||||||
\(\ds \) | \(\approx\) | \(\ds 0 \cdotp 00396 \, 4\) | British thermal units | |||||||||||
\(\ds \) | \(\approx\) | \(\ds 1 \cdotp 162 \times 10^{-6}\) | kilowatt-hours | |||||||||||
\(\ds \) | \(\approx\) | \(\ds 2 \cdotp 611 \times 10^{19}\) | electron volts |
$4 \cels$ Calorie
The $4 \cels$ calorie is a CGS unit of heat energy.
It is defined as equal to the energy required to raise the temperature of $1$ gram of water from $3 \cdotp 5 \cels$ to $4 \cdotp 5 \cels$ at standard atmospheric pressure.
\(\ds \) | \(\) | \(\ds 1\) | $4 \cels$ calorie | |||||||||||
\(\ds \) | \(\approx\) | \(\ds 4 \cdotp 204\) | joules | |||||||||||
\(\ds \) | \(\approx\) | \(\ds 0 \cdotp 00398 \, 5\) | British thermal units | |||||||||||
\(\ds \) | \(\approx\) | \(\ds 1 \cdotp 168 \times 10^{-6}\) | kilowatt-hours | |||||||||||
\(\ds \) | \(\approx\) | \(\ds 2 \cdotp 624 \times 10^{19}\) | electron volts |
$15 \cels$ Calorie
The $15 \cels$ calorie is a CGS unit of heat energy.
It is defined as equal to the energy required to raise the temperature of $1$ gram of water from $14 \cdotp 5 \cels$ to $15 \cdotp 5 \cels$ at standard atmospheric pressure.
\(\ds \) | \(\) | \(\ds 1\) | $15 \cels$ calorie | |||||||||||
\(\ds \) | \(\approx\) | \(\ds 4 \cdotp 1855\) | joules | |||||||||||
\(\ds \) | \(\approx\) | \(\ds 0 \cdotp 00396 \, 71\) | British thermal units | |||||||||||
\(\ds \) | \(\approx\) | \(\ds 1 \cdotp 1626 \times 10^{-6}\) | kilowatt-hours | |||||||||||
\(\ds \) | \(\approx\) | \(\ds 2 \cdotp 6124 \times 10^{19}\) | electron volts |
$20 \cels$ Calorie
The $20 \cels$ calorie is a CGS unit of heat energy.
It is defined as equal to the energy required to raise the temperature of $1$ gram of water from $19 \cdotp 5 \cels$ to $20 \cdotp 5 \cels$ at standard atmospheric pressure.
\(\ds \) | \(\) | \(\ds 1\) | $20 \cels$ calorie | |||||||||||
\(\ds \) | \(\approx\) | \(\ds 4 \cdotp 182\) | joules | |||||||||||
\(\ds \) | \(\approx\) | \(\ds 0 \cdotp 00396 \, 4\) | British thermal units | |||||||||||
\(\ds \) | \(\approx\) | \(\ds 1 \cdotp 162 \times 10^{-6}\) | kilowatt-hours | |||||||||||
\(\ds \) | \(\approx\) | \(\ds 2 \cdotp 610 \times 10^{19}\) | electron volts |
Mean Calorie
The mean calorie is a CGS unit of heat energy.
It is defined as equal to $\dfrac 1 {100}$ the energy required to raise the temperature of $1$ gram of water from $0 \cels$ to $100 \cels$ at standard atmospheric pressure.
\(\ds \) | \(\) | \(\ds 1\) | mean calorie | |||||||||||
\(\ds \) | \(\approx\) | \(\ds 4 \cdotp 190\) | joules | |||||||||||
\(\ds \) | \(\approx\) | \(\ds 0 \cdotp 00397 \, 1\) | British thermal units | |||||||||||
\(\ds \) | \(\approx\) | \(\ds 1 \cdotp 164 \times 10^{-6}\) | kilowatt-hours | |||||||||||
\(\ds \) | \(\approx\) | \(\ds 2 \cdotp 615 \times 10^{19}\) | electron volts |