Definition:Differentiable Mapping/Real-Valued Function
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Definition
At a Point
Let $U$ be an open subset of $\R^n$.
Let $\norm \cdot $ denote the Euclidean norm on $\R^n$.
Let $f: U \to \R$ be a real-valued function.
Let $x \in U$.
Definition 1
$f$ is differentiable at $x$ if and only if there exist $\alpha_1, \ldots, \alpha_n \in \R$ and a real-valued function $r: U \setminus \set x \to \R$ such that:
- $(1):\quad \map f {x + h} = \map f x + \alpha_1 h_1 + \cdots + \alpha_n h_n + \map r h \norm h$
- $(2):\quad \ds \lim_{h \mathop \to 0} \map r h = 0$
Definition 2
$f$ is differentiable at $x$ if and only if there exists a linear transformation $T: \R^n \to \R$ and a real-valued function $r: U \setminus \set x \to \R$ such that:
- $(1): \quad \map f {x + h} = \map f x + \map T h + \map r h \norm h$
- $(2): \quad \ds \lim_{h \mathop \to 0} \map r h = 0$
In an Open Set
Let $\mathbb X$ be an open subset of $\R^n$.
Let $f: \mathbb X \to \R$ be a real-valued function.
Then $f$ is differentiable in the open set $\mathbb X$ if and only if $f$ is differentiable at each point of $\mathbb X$.
Also see
- Definition:Partial Derivative of Real-Valued Function
- Characterization of Differentiability for clarification of this definition.
- Results about differentiable real-valued functions can be found here.