Events One of Which equals Union/Examples/Target of Concentric Circles
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Examples of Use of Events One of Which equals Union
Let $T$ be a target which consists of $10$ concentric circles $C_1$ to $C_{10}$ whose radii are respectively $r_k$ for $k = 1, 2, \ldots, 10$.
Let $r_k < r_{k + 1}$ for all $k = 1, 2, \ldots, 9$.
That is, let $C_1$ be the innermost and $C_{10}$ be the outermost.
Let $A_k$ denote the event of hitting $T$ inside the circle of radius $r_k$.
Let $B$ denote the event:
- $B = \displaystyle \bigcup_{k \mathop = 1}^6 A_k$
Then $B$ is the event of hitting $T$ inside circle $C_6$.
Proof
By the geometry of the situation:
- $C_1 \subseteq C_2 \subseteq \cdots \subseteq C_6$
By Events One of Which equals Union:
\(\ds A_1 \cup A_6 = A_6\) | \(\iff\) | \(\ds A_1 \subseteq A_6\) | ||||||||||||
\(\ds A_2 \cup A_6 = A_6\) | \(\iff\) | \(\ds A_2 \subseteq A_6\) | ||||||||||||
\(\ds \) | \(\vdots\) | \(\ds \) | ||||||||||||
\(\ds A_5 \cup A_6 = A_6\) | \(\iff\) | \(\ds A_5 \subseteq A_6\) |
The result follows.
$\blacksquare$
Sources
- 1968: A.A. Sveshnikov: Problems in Probability Theory, Mathematical Statistics and Theory of Random Functions (translated by Richard A. Silverman) ... (previous) ... (next): $\text I$: Random Events: $1$. Relations among Random Events: Problem $3$
- Note that the question does not state whether $r_k < r_{k + 1}$ for all $k = 1, 2, \ldots, 9$ or $r_k > r_{k + 1}$ for all $k = 1, 2, \ldots, 9$. The interpretation made here is the one which provides the correct answer.